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Paralytic strabismus

MedGen UID:
508935
•Concept ID:
C0152221
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: incomitant dissociation; Neurogenic strabismus; Paralytic squint; paralytic squint; paralytic strabismus
SNOMED CT: Paralytic strabismus (400942002); Paralytic squint (400942002)
 
HPO: HP:0031775
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0001143

Definition

An ocular deviation caused by a palsy to one or more of the extraocular muscles or nerves supplying them. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVParalytic strabismus

Professional guidelines

PubMed

The Effect of Different Treatment Methods on Acute Acquired Concomitant Esotropia.
Huang X, Meng Y, Hu X, Zhao Y, Ye M, Yi B, Zhou L
Comput Math Methods Med 2022;2022:5001594. Epub 2022 Apr 23 doi: 10.1155/2022/5001594. PMID: 35502413Free PMC Article
The role of drug treatment in children with strabismus and amblyopia.
Chatzistefanou KI, Mills MD
Paediatr Drugs 2000 Mar-Apr;2(2):91-100. doi: 10.2165/00148581-200002020-00002. PMID: 10937461
Treatment of strabismus and nystagmus with botulinum toxin type A. An evaluation of effects and complications.
Lennerstrand G, Nordbø OA, Tian S, Eriksson-Derouet B, Ali T
Acta Ophthalmol Scand 1998 Feb;76(1):27-7. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0420.1998.760106.x. PMID: 9541431

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Binocular Function in Adults before and after Strabismus Surgery.
Šneidrová J, Novotný T
Cesk Slov Oftalmol 2023 Fall;79(6):296-302. doi: 10.31348/2023/32. PMID: 38086701
Clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of isolated inferior rectus palsy.
Fu L, Zhu B, Yan J
BMC Ophthalmol 2021 Dec 7;21(1):422. doi: 10.1186/s12886-021-02121-z. PMID: 34876092Free PMC Article
NGF and CNTF expression and regulation mechanism by miRNA in acute paralytic strabismus.
Liu H, Tan N, Xu D, Li CY, Xian GJ
Int Ophthalmol 2020 Apr;40(4):975-984. Epub 2020 Jan 10 doi: 10.1007/s10792-019-01270-x. PMID: 31925656
Paralytic strabismus.
Schiavi C
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2000 Oct;11(5):318-23. doi: 10.1097/00055735-200010000-00005. PMID: 11148696
Paralytic strabismus.
LaRoche GR
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 1999 Oct;10(5):310-3. doi: 10.1097/00055735-199910000-00005. PMID: 10621543

Diagnosis

Comitant strabismus etiology: extraocular muscle integrity and central nervous system involvement-a narrative review.
Sunyer-Grau B, Quevedo L, Rodríguez-Vallejo M, Argilés M
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023 Jul;261(7):1781-1792. Epub 2023 Jan 21 doi: 10.1007/s00417-022-05935-9. PMID: 36680614Free PMC Article
Paralytic strabismus.
Schiavi C
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2000 Oct;11(5):318-23. doi: 10.1097/00055735-200010000-00005. PMID: 11148696
Paralytic strabismus.
LaRoche GR
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 1999 Oct;10(5):310-3. doi: 10.1097/00055735-199910000-00005. PMID: 10621543
Paralytic strabismus.
Byles DB, Elston JS
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 1998 Oct;9(5):20-3. doi: 10.1097/00055735-199810000-00005. PMID: 10387476
Paralytic strabismus.
Schiavi C
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 1995 Oct;6(5):22-6. doi: 10.1097/00055735-199510000-00005. PMID: 10159715

Therapy

Golden Indications and an Overview on the Use of Botulinum Toxin in Strabismus.
Özkan SB
Turk J Ophthalmol 2023 Dec 21;53(6):377-385. doi: 10.4274/tjo.galenos.2023.37806. PMID: 38126705Free PMC Article
Acute-onset paralytic strabismus in toddlers is important to consider as a potential early sign of late-infantile Metachromatic Leukodystrophy.
Beerepoot S, Wolf NI, Wehner K, Bender B, van der Knaap MS, Krägeloh-Mann I, Groeschel S
Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2022 Mar;37:87-93. Epub 2022 Feb 3 doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2022.01.020. PMID: 35152000
Use of botulinum toxin in neuro-ophthalmology.
O'Day J
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2001 Dec;12(6):419-22. doi: 10.1097/00055735-200112000-00006. PMID: 11734681
Paralytic strabismus.
Byles DB, Elston JS
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 1998 Oct;9(5):20-3. doi: 10.1097/00055735-199810000-00005. PMID: 10387476
Paralytic strabismus.
Schiavi C
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 1995 Oct;6(5):22-6. doi: 10.1097/00055735-199510000-00005. PMID: 10159715

Prognosis

TUBB3 E410K Syndrome With Childhood-Onset Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis.
Mori J, Umemura A, Satake W, Cha PC, Suzuki Y, Itoh K, Chiyonobu T
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022 Jan 1;107(1):e38-e43. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgab628. PMID: 34435630
Paralytic Strabismus in Turkish Children Examined at Three Tertiary Care Services: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Usta G, Karaca U, Keskinbora HK, Gonen T
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2021 Sep-Oct;58(5):282-286. Epub 2021 Sep 1 doi: 10.3928/01913913-20210122-01. PMID: 34180285
Incidence, types, and lifetime risk of adult-onset strabismus.
Martinez-Thompson JM, Diehl NN, Holmes JM, Mohney BG
Ophthalmology 2014 Apr;121(4):877-82. Epub 2013 Dec 8 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.10.030. PMID: 24321142Free PMC Article
Acquired paralytic strabismus in Southern Taiwan.
Ho TH, Lin HS, Lin MC, Sheu SJ
J Chin Med Assoc 2013 Jun;76(6):340-3. Epub 2013 Apr 20 doi: 10.1016/j.jcma.2013.03.003. PMID: 23608076
Paralytic strabismus.
Byles DB, Elston JS
Curr Opin Ophthalmol 1998 Oct;9(5):20-3. doi: 10.1097/00055735-199810000-00005. PMID: 10387476

Clinical prediction guides

Binocular Function in Adults before and after Strabismus Surgery.
Šneidrová J, Novotný T
Cesk Slov Oftalmol 2023 Fall;79(6):296-302. doi: 10.31348/2023/32. PMID: 38086701
Intraocular vascular analysis using optical coherence tomography angiography in patients with vascular paralytic strabismus.
Lee D
PLoS One 2022;17(9):e0272524. Epub 2022 Sep 13 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272524. PMID: 36099246Free PMC Article
Acute-onset paralytic strabismus in toddlers is important to consider as a potential early sign of late-infantile Metachromatic Leukodystrophy.
Beerepoot S, Wolf NI, Wehner K, Bender B, van der Knaap MS, Krägeloh-Mann I, Groeschel S
Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2022 Mar;37:87-93. Epub 2022 Feb 3 doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2022.01.020. PMID: 35152000
Paralytic Strabismus in Turkish Children Examined at Three Tertiary Care Services: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Usta G, Karaca U, Keskinbora HK, Gonen T
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2021 Sep-Oct;58(5):282-286. Epub 2021 Sep 1 doi: 10.3928/01913913-20210122-01. PMID: 34180285
The Role of Extraocular Muscle Pulleys in Incomitant Non-Paralytic Strabismus.
Clark RA
Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2015 Jul-Sep;22(3):279-85. doi: 10.4103/0974-9233.159698. PMID: 26180464Free PMC Article

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