Full Report

Format

Full Report
Summary (Text)
Summary (XML)

Send to:

Choose Destination

File
Clipboard
Collections

Non-Neoplastic Central Nervous System Disorder

MedGen UID:: 233233
•Concept ID:: C1335000
•: Disease or Syndrome

Synonym:

Non-Neoplastic Central Nervous System Disease

Term Hierarchy

GTR
MeSH

CClinical test, RResearch test, OOMIM, GGeneReviews, VClinVar

CROGVNon-Neoplastic Central Nervous System Disorder

Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms
- Pathological process
  - Disease
    - Disorder by Site
      - Disorder of nervous system
        Disorder of the central nervous system
        Non-Neoplastic Central Nervous System Disorder
        Alice in Wonderland syndrome
        Central Nervous System Hamartoma
        Hamartoma of brain
        Hamartoma of hypothalamus
        Spinal Cord Hamartoma
        Degenerative disease of the central nervous system
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
        Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 14, With or Without Frontotemporal Dementia
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 1
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 3
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 4
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 6
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 7
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 8
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 9
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 10
        Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 11
        Juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
        Progressive muscular atrophy
        Brachial amyotrophic diplegia
        Cerebral palsy
        Athetoid cerebral palsy
        Spastic hemiparesis
        Spastic tetraplegia
        Spastic triplegia
        Dementia
        Degenerations, Frontotemporal Lobar
        Diffuse Neurofibrillary Tangles with Calcification
        Frontal lobe dementia
        Frontolimbic dementia
        Frontotemporal dementia
        Presenile dementia
        Senile dementia
        Subcortical dementia
        Demyelinating disease of central nervous system
        Demyelinating Encephalopathy
        Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy
        Extrapyramidal disease
        Parkinson disease
        Frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 1
        Hereditary Neurodegenerative Disorder
        Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 4
        Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation 5
        Hereditary spastic paraplegia
        Spastic Paraplegia 4
        Spastic Paraplegia 30
        Spastic Paraplegia 76
        Huntington disease
        Juvenile Huntington disease
        Westphal disease
        Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease
        Null syndrome
        Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease in female carriers
        Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, classic form
        Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, connatal form
        Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, transitional form
        Pick disease
        Pigmentary pallidal degeneration
        Atypical pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration
        Classic pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration
        Progressive supranuclear palsy
        Atypical progressive supranuclear palsy syndrome
        Supranuclear palsy, progressive, 1
        Supranuclear palsy, progressive, 2
        Supranuclear palsy, progressive, 3
        Spinocerebellar atrophy
        Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia
        Autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia
        Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 19/22
        Striatonigral degeneration
        Infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy
        Infectious disease of central nervous system
        Arachnoiditis
        Bacterial infection of central nervous system
        Bacterial meningitis
        Central nervous system tuberculosis
        Lyme neuroborreliosis
        Neurosyphilis
        Brain abscess
        Cerebral abscess
        Actinomycotic brain abscess
        Cerebritis
        Encephalomyelitis
        Encephalomyelitis, Equine
        Infection causing encephalomyelitis
        Epidural abscess
        Fungal infection of central nervous system
        Fungal meningitis
        Neuroaspergillosis
        HTLV-1-associated myelopathy-tropical spastic paraparesis
        Infectious encephalitis
        Bacterial encephalitis
        Infectious meningitis
        Infectious Meningoencephalitis
        Leukoencephalopathy
        Diffuse leukoencephalopathy
        Diffuse spongiform leukoencephalopathy
        Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases
        Human immunodeficiency virus leukoencephalopathy
        Posterior leukoencephalopathy
        Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
        Progressive leukoencephalopathy
        Meningoencephalitis
        Myelitis
        Parasitic infection of central nervous system
        Central Nervous System Helminthiasis
        Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections
        Perimeningeal Infections
        Subdural empyema
        Poliomyelitis
        Vaccine-Associated Paralytic Poliomyelitis
        Prion disease
        Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
        Wasting Disease, Chronic
        Viral infection of central nervous system
        Cerebral Ventriculitis
        Meningitis
        Chronic lymphocytic meningitis
        Movement disorder
        Abnormal head movements
        Jerky head movements
        Abnormal posturing
        Abnormal reflex
        Abnormal postural reflex
        Abnormal superficial reflex
        Hyperreflexia
        Primitive reflex
        Reduced tendon reflexes
        Astasia
        Asterixis
        Diminished movement
        Akinesia
        Hypokinesia
        Dyskinesia
        Catalepsy
        Extrapyramidal dyskinesia
        Habit tic
        Orofacial dyskinesia
        Tardive dyskinesia
        Dystonia
        Blepharospasm-oromandibular dystonia syndrome
        Dystonia 12
        Dystonia 16
        Episodic kinesigenic dyskinesia 1
        Familial Dystonia
        Torsion dystonia
        Dystonic disorder
        Axial dystonia
        Focal dystonia
        Generalized dystonia
        Hemidystonia
        Limb dystonia
        Oculogyric crisis
        Paroxysmal dystonia
        Frontal release signs
        Gait disturbance
        Antalgic gait
        Broad-based gait
        Cautious gait
        Cerebellar ataxia associated with quadrupedal gait
        Crouch gait
        Difficulty walking backward
        Dystonic gait
        Falls
        Freezing of gait
        Gait ataxia
        Gait imbalance
        Impaired heel-walking ability
        Impaired tandem gait
        Impaired toe-walking ability
        Inability to walk
        Neurogenic claudication
        Shuffling gait
        Spastic gait
        Steppage gait
        Tip-toe gait
        Unsteady gait
        Waddling gait
        Hyperkinetic movements
        Involuntary movements
        Chvostek sign
        Fasciculations
        Self-mutilation of tongue and lips due to involuntary movements
        Shakes
        Muscle fibrillation
        Facial-lingual fasciculations
        Myokymia
        Eyelid myokymia
        Facial myokymia
        Postural instability
        Stooped posture
        Synkinesis
        Bimanual synkinesia
        Facial synkinesis
        Tic
        Tourette syndrome
        Tourettism
        Multiple sclerosis
        Neurodevelopmental disorder
        Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders
        Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
        conduct disorder
        Sluggish Cognitive Tempo
        Brain Development Abnormality
        Abnormality of neuronal migration
        Hydranencephaly
        Isolated congenital microcephaly
        microgyria
        Pontocerebellar hypoplasia type 2
        Subcortical band heterotopia
        Child Behavior Disorders
        Child Development Disorders, Pervasive
        Autism spectrum disorder
        Congenital meningocele
        Congenital cerebral meningocele
        Congenital spinal meningocele
        Fetal Neurodevelopmental Disorder
        Motor skill disorder
        Neuronitis
        Non-Neoplastic Brain Disorder
        Cerebellar degeneration
        Cerebellar hypoplasia
        Cerebellar hemisphere hypoplasia
        Cerebrovascular disorder
        Arteriovenous Malformation, Intracranial
        Cerebral Vascular Insufficiency
        Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis
        Ischemic encephalopathy
        Vascular Depression
        Vascular headache
        Corticobasal degeneration disorder
        Encephalitis
        Pallor
        Encephalomalacia
        Encephalopathy
        Acute encephalopathy
        Chronic brain syndrome
        Congenital encephalopathy
        Dialysis dementia
        Epileptic encephalopathy
        Hepatic encephalopathy
        Hypoglycemic encephalopathy
        Infantile encephalopathy
        Mitochondrial encephalopathy
        Necrotizing encephalopathy
        Nonprogressive encephalopathy
        Progressive encephalopathy
        Recurrent encephalopathy
        Epilepsy
        Aggravated Epilepsy
        Anosognostic Epilepsy
        Atonic epileptic seizure
        Benign Familial Convulsion
        Congenital Epilepsy
        Hemimegalencephaly
        Hydrocephalus
        Communicating hydrocephalus
        Congenital hydrocephalus
        External hydrocephalus
        Noncommunicating hydrocephalus
        Normal pressure hydrocephalus
        Post-Inflammatory Hydrocephalus
        Posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus
        Severe hydrocephalus
        Olivopontocerebellar atrophy
        Schizencephaly
        Acquired schizencephaly
        Familial schizencephaly
        Type 1 schizencephaly
        Type 2 schizencephaly
        Type 3 schizencephaly
        Thalamic disorder
        Polyradiculopathy
        Secondary Parkinson disease
        Sensory disorder
        Disorder of taste
        Ageusia
        Parageusia
        Tactile Disorder
        Spina bifida
        Cervical spina bifida
        Spina bifida occulta
        Spina bifida occulta at L5
        Spina bifida occulta at S1
        Syringomyelia
        Primary syringomyelia
        Familial syringomyelia
        Idiopathic syringomyelia
        Secondary syringomyelia
        Syringomyelia and Hydromyelia
        Vascular malformation of the nervous system
        Central Nervous System Cavernous Hemangioma
        Intracranial cavernous angioma
        Central Nervous System Venous Angioma
        Meningioangiomatosis
        Sinus pericranii
        Vein of Galen malformation

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Postoperative risk of IDH-mutant glioma-associated seizures and their potential management with IDH-mutant inhibitors.

Drumm MR, Wang W, Sears TK, Bell-Burdett K, Javier R, Cotton KY, Webb B, Byrne K, Unruh D, Thirunavu V, Walshon J, Steffens A, McCortney K, Lukas RV, Phillips JJ, Mohamed E, Finan JD, Santana-Santos L, Heimberger AB, Franz CK, Kurz J, Templer JW, Swanson GT, Horbinski C
J Clin Invest 2023 Jun 15;133(12) doi: 10.1172/JCI168035. PMID: 37104042 Free PMC Article

Nanotherapeutic treatment of the invasive glioblastoma tumor microenvironment.

Pandey N, Anastasiadis P, Carney CP, Kanvinde PP, Woodworth GF, Winkles JA, Kim AJ
Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022 Sep;188:114415. Epub 2022 Jul 3 doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114415. PMID: 35787387 Free PMC Article

If it is Not a Glioblastoma, Then What is it? A Differential Diagnostic Review.

Gokden M
Adv Anat Pathol 2017 Nov;24(6):379-391. doi: 10.1097/PAP.0000000000000170. PMID: 28885262

See all (30)

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Expanded analysis of high-grade astrocytoma with piloid features identifies an epigenetically and clinically distinct subtype associated with neurofibromatosis type 1.

Cimino PJ, Ketchum C, Turakulov R, Singh O, Abdullaev Z, Giannini C, Pytel P, Lopez GY, Colman H, Nasrallah MP, Santi M, Fernandes IL, Nirschl J, Dahiya S, Neill S, Solomon D, Perez E, Capper D, Mani H, Caccamo D, Ball M, Badruddoja M, Chkheidze R, Camelo-Piragua S, Fullmer J, Alexandrescu S, Yeaney G, Eberhart C, Martinez-Lage M, Chen J, Zach L, Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Hefti M, Lopes MB, Nuechterlein N, Horbinski C, Rodriguez FJ, Quezado M, Pratt D, Aldape K
Acta Neuropathol 2023 Jan;145(1):71-82. Epub 2022 Oct 22 doi: 10.1007/s00401-022-02513-5. PMID: 36271929 Free PMC Article

In and around the pineal gland: a neuroimaging review.

Zaccagna F, Brown FS, Allinson KSJ, Devadass A, Kapadia A, Massoud TF, Matys T
Clin Radiol 2022 Feb;77(2):e107-e119. Epub 2021 Nov 11 doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.09.020. PMID: 34774298

Cerebral vascular malformations and their imaging modalities.

Zafar A, Fiani B, Hadi H, Arshad M, Cathel A, Naeem M, Parsons MS, Farooqui M, Bucklin AA, Leone MJ, Baig A, Quadri SA
Neurol Sci 2020 Sep;41(9):2407-2421. Epub 2020 Apr 25 doi: 10.1007/s10072-020-04415-4. PMID: 32335778

An update on the central nervous system manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 1.

Nix JS, Blakeley J, Rodriguez FJ
Acta Neuropathol 2020 Apr;139(4):625-641. Epub 2019 Apr 8 doi: 10.1007/s00401-019-02002-2. PMID: 30963251 Free PMC Article

Central Nervous System Infections Complicating Immunosuppression and Transplantation.

Pruitt AA
Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2018 Oct;24(5, Neuroinfectious Disease):1370-1396. doi: 10.1212/CON.0000000000000653. PMID: 30273244

See all (218)

Diagnosis

Molecular Heterogeneity and Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Glioblastoma.

DeCordova S, Shastri A, Tsolaki AG, Yasmin H, Klein L, Singh SK, Kishore U
Front Immunol 2020;11:1402. Epub 2020 Jul 17 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01402. PMID: 32765498 Free PMC Article

Sellar Tumors.

Schwetye KE, Dahiya SM
Surg Pathol Clin 2020 Jun;13(2):305-329. doi: 10.1016/j.path.2020.02.006. PMID: 32389269

An update on the central nervous system manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 1.

Nix JS, Blakeley J, Rodriguez FJ
Acta Neuropathol 2020 Apr;139(4):625-641. Epub 2019 Apr 8 doi: 10.1007/s00401-019-02002-2. PMID: 30963251 Free PMC Article

Central Nervous System Infections Complicating Immunosuppression and Transplantation.

Pruitt AA
Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2018 Oct;24(5, Neuroinfectious Disease):1370-1396. doi: 10.1212/CON.0000000000000653. PMID: 30273244

Multiple ring-enhancing lesions of the brain.

Garg RK, Sinha MK
J Postgrad Med 2010 Oct-Dec;56(4):307-16. doi: 10.4103/0022-3859.70939. PMID: 20935408

See all (392)

Therapy

The Regulation and Function of Lactate Dehydrogenase A: Therapeutic Potential in Brain Tumor.

Valvona CJ, Fillmore HL, Nunn PB, Pilkington GJ
Brain Pathol 2016 Jan;26(1):3-17. Epub 2015 Sep 17 doi: 10.1111/bpa.12299. PMID: 26269128 Free PMC Article

Quantitative imaging biomarkers in neuro-oncology.

Waldman AD, Jackson A, Price SJ, Clark CA, Booth TC, Auer DP, Tofts PS, Collins DJ, Leach MO, Rees JH; National Cancer Research Institute Brain Tumour Imaging Subgroup
Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2009 Aug;6(8):445-54. Epub 2009 Jun 23 doi: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2009.92. PMID: 19546864

Medulloblastoma stem cells.

Fan X, Eberhart CG
J Clin Oncol 2008 Jun 10;26(17):2821-7. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2007.15.2264. PMID: 18539960 Free PMC Article

The central nervous system complications of bone marrow transplantation in children.

Yoshida S, Hayakawa K, Yamamoto A, Kuroda H, Imashuku S
Eur Radiol 2008 Oct;18(10):2048-59. Epub 2008 May 20 doi: 10.1007/s00330-008-1000-3. PMID: 18491111

Principles of contrast enhancement in the evaluation of brain diseases: an overview.

Runge VM, Muroff LR, Wells JW
J Magn Reson Imaging 1997 Jan-Feb;7(1):5-13. doi: 10.1002/jmri.1880070103. PMID: 9039588

See all (91)

Prognosis

Re-convolving the compositional landscape of primary and recurrent glioblastoma reveals prognostic and targetable tissue states.

Al-Dalahmah O, Argenziano MG, Kannan A, Mahajan A, Furnari J, Paryani F, Boyett D, Save A, Humala N, Khan F, Li J, Lu H, Sun Y, Tuddenham JF, Goldberg AR, Dovas A, Banu MA, Sudhakar T, Bush E, Lassman AB, McKhann GM, Gill BJA, Youngerman B, Sisti MB, Bruce JN, Sims PA, Menon V, Canoll P
Nat Commun 2023 May 4;14(1):2586. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-38186-1. PMID: 37142563 Free PMC Article

DICER1 tumor predisposition syndrome: an evolving story initiated with the pleuropulmonary blastoma.

González IA, Stewart DR, Schultz KAP, Field AP, Hill DA, Dehner LP
Mod Pathol 2022 Jan;35(1):4-22. Epub 2021 Oct 1 doi: 10.1038/s41379-021-00905-8. PMID: 34599283 Free PMC Article

Molecular Heterogeneity and Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Glioblastoma.

DeCordova S, Shastri A, Tsolaki AG, Yasmin H, Klein L, Singh SK, Kishore U
Front Immunol 2020;11:1402. Epub 2020 Jul 17 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01402. PMID: 32765498 Free PMC Article

Imaging of Intracranial Gliomas.

Ono Y, Chernov MF, Muragaki Y, Maruyama T, Abe K, Iseki H
Prog Neurol Surg 2018;30:12-62. Epub 2017 Dec 14 doi: 10.1159/000464376. PMID: 29241169

Pineal tumors.

Linggood RM, Chapman PH
J Neurooncol 1992 Jan;12(1):85-91. doi: 10.1007/BF00172460. PMID: 1541982

See all (228)

Clinical prediction guides

The tumour microenvironment of pituitary neuroendocrine tumours.

Marques P, Grossman AB, Korbonits M
Front Neuroendocrinol 2020 Jul;58:100852. Epub 2020 Jun 15 doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2020.100852. PMID: 32553750

Imaging of Intracranial Gliomas.

Ono Y, Chernov MF, Muragaki Y, Maruyama T, Abe K, Iseki H
Prog Neurol Surg 2018;30:12-62. Epub 2017 Dec 14 doi: 10.1159/000464376. PMID: 29241169

If it is Not a Glioblastoma, Then What is it? A Differential Diagnostic Review.

Gokden M
Adv Anat Pathol 2017 Nov;24(6):379-391. doi: 10.1097/PAP.0000000000000170. PMID: 28885262

Multiparametric Imaging Analysis: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.

Rapalino O, Ratai EM
Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2016 Nov;24(4):671-686. Epub 2016 Sep 13 doi: 10.1016/j.mric.2016.06.001. PMID: 27742109

MicroRNAs as biomarkers in pituitary tumors.

Di Ieva A, Butz H, Niamah M, Rotondo F, De Rosa S, Sav A, Yousef GM, Kovacs K, Cusimano MD
Neurosurgery 2014 Aug;75(2):181-9; discussion 188-9. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0000000000000369. PMID: 24739366

See all (201)

Recent systematic reviews

Diagnostic windows in non-neoplastic diseases: a systematic review.

Whitfield E, White B, Denaxas S, Lyratzopoulos G
Br J Gen Pract 2023 Sep;73(734):e702-e709. Epub 2023 Aug 31 doi: 10.3399/BJGP.2023.0044. PMID: 37308303 Free PMC Article

Xanthogranuloma of the sellar region: a systematic review.

Guerrero-Pérez F, Marengo AP, Vilarrasa N, Vidal N, Ruiz-Roig N, Sánchez-Fernández JJ, Torres-Díaz A, Sanmillán JL, Pérez-Maraver M, Villabona C
Hormones (Athens) 2023 Jun;22(2):199-210. Epub 2023 Jan 25 doi: 10.1007/s42000-023-00432-y. PMID: 36695986

5-Aminolevulinic acid fluorescence in brain non-neoplastic lesions: a systematic review and case series.

Duarte JFS, Jung GS, da Silva EB Jr, de Almeida Teixeira BC, Cavalcanti MS, Ramina R
Neurosurg Rev 2022 Oct;45(5):3139-3148. Epub 2022 Aug 16 doi: 10.1007/s10143-022-01843-y. PMID: 35972631

Systematic Review on Tumor Microenvironment in Glial Neoplasm: From Understanding Pathogenesis to Future Therapeutic Perspectives.

Bianconi A, Aruta G, Rizzo F, Salvati LF, Zeppa P, Garbossa D, Cofano F
Int J Mol Sci 2022 Apr 9;23(8) doi: 10.3390/ijms23084166. PMID: 35456984 Free PMC Article

Diagnostic Yield, Morbidity, and Mortality of Intraventricular Neuroendoscopic Biopsy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Somji M, Badhiwala J, McLellan A, Kulkarni AV
World Neurosurg 2016 Jan;85:315-24.e2. Epub 2015 Sep 16 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2015.09.011. PMID: 26385114

See all (15)

MedGen

National Center for Biotechnology Information